组织和执行Selenium代码
如果你不仅仅只是想执行一小撮的一次性脚本，你需要能组织和安排好你的代码。这一页会启发你如何真正地使用 Selenium 代码做高效的事情。
常见用法
大部分人使用 Selenium 执行针对 Web 应用的自动化测试，但是 Selenium 其实可以支持任何场景的浏览器自动化。
重复性任务
有时候你需要往网站记录日志或者下载一些东西，或者提交一个表单，你可以在预设的时间创建一个 Selenium 脚本去执行一个服务。
网页爬虫
你是否期望从一个不提供 API 的网站收集数据？Selenium 可以满足你，但是请确保你了解该网站的服务条例，因为有些网站不允许你这样做，甚至有些网站会屏蔽 Selenium。
测试
使用 Selenium 做测试需要在 Selenium 执行操作后进行断言，所以一个好的断言类库是很有必要的。至于组织测试用例结构的一些额外特性则需要Test Runner来完成。
IDEs
不管你要用 Selenium 来做什么，没有一个好的集成开发环境，你的工作肯定不会高效。以下是一些常见的 IDE 选择：
Test Runner
即使不使用 Selenium 做测试，如果你有高级用例，使用一个 test runner 去更好地组织你的代码是很有意义的。学会使用 before/after hooks 和分组执行或者并行执行将会非常有用。
待选
有非常多不同的 test runner 可供选择。
这个教程中所有使用到 test runner 的代码示例都可以在我们的示例目录中找到（或者正在被迁移过去），而且这些示例在每一次发版都会被执行，以确保代码是正确的和最新的。下面是一份包含对应链接的 test runner 清单，其中第一项是被这个仓库和本页所有用例所使用的。
安装
在安装 Selenium 类库一节中详细说明了需要哪些东西。这里的代码只展示在我们的文档示例项目中用到的示例。
Maven
Gradle
To use it in a project, add it to the requirements.txt file:
in the project’s csproj file, specify the dependency as a PackageReference in ItemGroup:
Add to project’s gemfile
In your project’s package.json, add requirement to dependencies:
断言
SELENIUM_CI_TOKEN not set
If you want to render content fetched from the GitHub API, please create a
personal access token
and set it as an environment variable named SELENIUM_CI_TOKEN. More information about token scopes can
be seen at
available scopes GitHub docs
SELENIUM_CI_TOKEN not set
If you want to render content fetched from the GitHub API, please create a
personal access token
and set it as an environment variable named SELENIUM_CI_TOKEN. More information about token scopes can
be seen at
available scopes GitHub docs
SELENIUM_CI_TOKEN not set
If you want to render content fetched from the GitHub API, please create a
personal access token
and set it as an environment variable named SELENIUM_CI_TOKEN. More information about token scopes can
be seen at
available scopes GitHub docs
SELENIUM_CI_TOKEN not set
If you want to render content fetched from the GitHub API, please create a
personal access token
and set it as an environment variable named SELENIUM_CI_TOKEN. More information about token scopes can
be seen at
available scopes GitHub docs
SELENIUM_CI_TOKEN not set
If you want to render content fetched from the GitHub API, please create a
personal access token
and set it as an environment variable named SELENIUM_CI_TOKEN. More information about token scopes can
be seen at
available scopes GitHub docs
Setting Up and Tearing Down
Set Up
SELENIUM_CI_TOKEN not set
If you want to render content fetched from the GitHub API, please create a
personal access token
and set it as an environment variable named SELENIUM_CI_TOKEN. More information about token scopes can
be seen at
available scopes GitHub docs
Tear Down
SELENIUM_CI_TOKEN not set
If you want to render content fetched from the GitHub API, please create a
personal access token
and set it as an environment variable named SELENIUM_CI_TOKEN. More information about token scopes can
be seen at
available scopes GitHub docs
Set Up
SELENIUM_CI_TOKEN not set
If you want to render content fetched from the GitHub API, please create a
personal access token
and set it as an environment variable named SELENIUM_CI_TOKEN. More information about token scopes can
be seen at
available scopes GitHub docs
Tear Down
SELENIUM_CI_TOKEN not set
If you want to render content fetched from the GitHub API, please create a
personal access token
and set it as an environment variable named SELENIUM_CI_TOKEN. More information about token scopes can
be seen at
available scopes GitHub docs
Set Up
SELENIUM_CI_TOKEN not set
If you want to render content fetched from the GitHub API, please create a
personal access token
and set it as an environment variable named SELENIUM_CI_TOKEN. More information about token scopes can
be seen at
available scopes GitHub docs
Tear Down
SELENIUM_CI_TOKEN not set
If you want to render content fetched from the GitHub API, please create a
personal access token
and set it as an environment variable named SELENIUM_CI_TOKEN. More information about token scopes can
be seen at
available scopes GitHub docs
SELENIUM_CI_TOKEN not set
If you want to render content fetched from the GitHub API, please create a
personal access token
and set it as an environment variable named SELENIUM_CI_TOKEN. More information about token scopes can
be seen at
available scopes GitHub docs
SELENIUM_CI_TOKEN not set
If you want to render content fetched from the GitHub API, please create a
personal access token
and set it as an environment variable named SELENIUM_CI_TOKEN. More information about token scopes can
be seen at
available scopes GitHub docs
执行
Maven
mvn clean test
Gradle
gradle clean test
SELENIUM_CI_TOKEN not set
If you want to render content fetched from the GitHub API, please create a
personal access token
and set it as an environment variable named SELENIUM_CI_TOKEN. More information about token scopes can
be seen at
available scopes GitHub docs
SELENIUM_CI_TOKEN not set
If you want to render content fetched from the GitHub API, please create a
personal access token
and set it as an environment variable named SELENIUM_CI_TOKEN. More information about token scopes can
be seen at
available scopes GitHub docs
Mocha
mocha runningTests.spec.js
npx
npx mocha runningTests.spec.js
示例
在第一个脚本一节中，我们了解了 Selenium 脚本的每一个组件。这里是使用 test runner 重新组织那个脚本的一个示例：
SELENIUM_CI_TOKEN not set
If you want to render content fetched from the GitHub API, please create a
personal access token
and set it as an environment variable named SELENIUM_CI_TOKEN. More information about token scopes can
be seen at
available scopes GitHub docs
SELENIUM_CI_TOKEN not set
If you want to render content fetched from the GitHub API, please create a
personal access token
and set it as an environment variable named SELENIUM_CI_TOKEN. More information about token scopes can
be seen at
available scopes GitHub docs
SELENIUM_CI_TOKEN not set
If you want to render content fetched from the GitHub API, please create a
personal access token
and set it as an environment variable named SELENIUM_CI_TOKEN. More information about token scopes can
be seen at
available scopes GitHub docs
SELENIUM_CI_TOKEN not set
If you want to render content fetched from the GitHub API, please create a
personal access token
and set it as an environment variable named SELENIUM_CI_TOKEN. More information about token scopes can
be seen at
available scopes GitHub docs
SELENIUM_CI_TOKEN not set
If you want to render content fetched from the GitHub API, please create a
personal access token
and set it as an environment variable named SELENIUM_CI_TOKEN. More information about token scopes can
be seen at
available scopes GitHub docs
下一步
使用你目前所学到的知识建立你自己的 Selenium 代码吧！
想要了解更多的功能特性，请继续阅读我们接下来的WebDriver 教程
